Introduction to English
The Parts of Speech
Noun - a naming word (person, place or thing)
Pronoun - a noun substitute
Verb - an action (doing or being) word
Adjective - a word describing nouns or pronouns
Adverb - a word describing adjectives, verbs, or other adverbs
Article - definite: ‘the’; indefinite: ‘a’ & ‘an’
Conjunction - a joining word
Preposition - a word that explains position, direction or the relationship between two nouns or noun phrases
Interjection - an exclamation
Structure
The Basic Forms of Verbs
Infinitive
The infinitive of a verb in English has two words and always begins with to .... For example, to learn - aprender - is the infinitive form. You should treat the infinitive as a unit.
Base (or finite)
We use the present tense to talk about facts, habits and opinions.
The base form drops the to and is is conjugated. Only the third person singular form changes in the simple present tense for regular verbs; you must add an s. We will spend a lot of time studying and reviewing irregular verbs.
Past Tense
Regular verbs add an "ed" to form the simple past tense. You will become more familiar with irregular past tense verbs through using them.
Participles
Present participles are formed by adding "-ing." (Gerunds are present participles used as nouns: You are learning (present progressive) English. Learning (noun) can be fun!
Past participles of regular verbs are the same as the simple past tense. You will become more familiar with irregular past participles through using them. Some past participles can be used as adjectives. She has broken her leg twice. Her leg is broken.
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